# set terminal pngcairo transparent enhanced font "arial,10" fontscale 1.0 size 600, 400 # set output 'random.5.png' set grid nopolar set grid xtics nomxtics ytics nomytics noztics nomztics nortics nomrtics \ nox2tics nomx2tics noy2tics nomy2tics nocbtics nomcbtics set grid layerdefault lt 0 linecolor 0 linewidth 0.500, lt 0 linecolor 0 linewidth 0.500 set key bmargin right vertical Right noreverse enhanced autotitle nobox set view 68, 28, 1.4, 0.9 set samples 200, 200 set zzeroaxis lt black linewidth 1.000 dashtype solid set xyplane at 0 set xtics axis in scale 1,0.5 nomirror norotate autojustify set ytics axis in scale 1,0.5 nomirror norotate autojustify set ztics axis in scale 1,0.5 nomirror norotate autojustify set title "Histogram of distance from origin of\n3000 multivariate unit variance samples" set title offset graph 0, 0.15, 0 font "" textcolor lt -1 norotate set xrange [ 0.00000 : 4.50000 ] noreverse nowriteback set x2range [ * : * ] noreverse writeback set yrange [ 0.00000 : 0.650000 ] noreverse nowriteback set y2range [ * : * ] noreverse writeback set zrange [ -4.00000 : 4.00000 ] noreverse nowriteback set cbrange [ * : * ] noreverse writeback set rrange [ * : * ] noreverse writeback set colorbox vertical origin screen 0.9, 0.2 size screen 0.05, 0.6 front noinvert bdefault tstring(n) = sprintf("Histogram of distance from origin of\n%d multivariate unit variance samples", n) isint(x)=(int(x)==x) Binv(p,q)=exp(lgamma(p+q)-lgamma(p)-lgamma(q)) arcsin(x,r)=r<=0?1/0:abs(x)>r?0.0:invpi/sqrt(r*r-x*x) beta(x,p,q)=p<=0||q<=0?1/0:x<0||x>1?0.0:Binv(p,q)*x**(p-1.0)*(1.0-x)**(q-1.0) binom(x,n,p)=p<0.0||p>1.0||n<0||!isint(n)?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0||x>n?0.0:exp(lgamma(n+1)-lgamma(n-x+1)-lgamma(x+1) +x*log(p)+(n-x)*log(1.0-p)) cauchy(x,a,b)=b<=0?1/0:b/(pi*(b*b+(x-a)**2)) chisq(x,k)=k<=0||!isint(k)?1/0: x<=0?0.0:exp((0.5*k-1.0)*log(x)-0.5*x-lgamma(0.5*k)-k*0.5*log2) erlang(x,n,lambda)=n<=0||!isint(n)||lambda<=0?1/0: x<0?0.0:x==0?(n==1?real(lambda):0.0):exp(n*log(lambda)+(n-1.0)*log(x)-lgamma(n)-lambda*x) extreme(x,mu,alpha)=alpha<=0?1/0:alpha*(exp(-alpha*(x-mu)-exp(-alpha*(x-mu)))) f(x,d1,d2)=d1<=0||!isint(d1)||d2<=0||!isint(d2)?1/0: Binv(0.5*d1,0.5*d2)*(real(d1)/d2)**(0.5*d1)*x**(0.5*d1-1.0)/(1.0+(real(d1)/d2)*x)**(0.5*(d1+d2)) gmm(x,rho,lambda)=rho<=0||lambda<=0?1/0: x<0?0.0:x==0?(rho>1?0.0:rho==1?real(lambda):1/0): exp(rho*log(lambda)+(rho-1.0)*log(x)-lgamma(rho)-lambda*x) geometric(x,p)=p<=0||p>1?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0||p==1?(x==0?1.0:0.0):exp(log(p)+x*log(1.0-p)) halfnormal(x,sigma)=sigma<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:sqrt2invpi/sigma*exp(-0.5*(x/sigma)**2) hypgeo(x,N,C,d)=N<0||!isint(N)||C<0||C>N||!isint(C)||d<0||d>N||!isint(d)?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x>d||x>C||x<0||x1?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0?0.0:p==1?(x==0?1.0:0.0):exp(lgamma(r+x)-lgamma(r)-lgamma(x+1)+ r*log(p)+x*log(1.0-p)) nexp(x,lambda)=lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:lambda*exp(-lambda*x) normal(x,mu,sigma)=sigma<=0?1/0:invsqrt2pi/sigma*exp(-0.5*((x-mu)/sigma)**2) pareto(x,a,b)=a<=0||b<0||!isint(b)?1/0:x=a?0.0:f==0?1.0/a:2.0/a*sin(f*pi*x/a)**2/(1-sin(twopi*f)) t(x,nu)=nu<0||!isint(nu)?1/0: Binv(0.5*nu,0.5)/sqrt(nu)*(1+real(x*x)/nu)**(-0.5*(nu+1.0)) triangular(x,m,g)=g<=0?1/0:x=m+g?0.0:1.0/g-abs(x-m)/real(g*g) uniform(x,a,b)=x<(a=(a>b?a:b)?0.0:1.0/abs(b-a) weibull(x,a,lambda)=a<=0||lambda<=0?1/0: x<0?0.0:x==0?(a>1?0.0:a==1?real(lambda):1/0): exp(log(a)+a*log(lambda)+(a-1)*log(x)-(lambda*x)**a) carcsin(x,r)=r<=0?1/0:x<-r?0.0:x>r?1.0:0.5+invpi*asin(x/r) cbeta(x,p,q)=ibeta(p,q,x) cbinom(x,n,p)=p<0.0||p>1.0||n<0||!isint(n)?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0?0.0:x>=n?1.0:ibeta(n-x,x+1.0,1.0-p) ccauchy(x,a,b)=b<=0?1/0:0.5+invpi*atan((x-a)/b) cchisq(x,k)=k<=0||!isint(k)?1/0:x<0?0.0:igamma(0.5*k,0.5*x) cerlang(x,n,lambda)=n<=0||!isint(n)||lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:igamma(n,lambda*x) cextreme(x,mu,alpha)=alpha<=0?1/0:exp(-exp(-alpha*(x-mu))) cf(x,d1,d2)=d1<=0||!isint(d1)||d2<=0||!isint(d2)?1/0:1.0-ibeta(0.5*d2,0.5*d1,d2/(d2+d1*x)) cgmm(x,rho,lambda)=rho<=0||lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:igamma(rho,x*lambda) cgeometric(x,p)=p<=0||p>1?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0||p==0?0.0:p==1?1.0:1.0-exp((x+1)*log(1.0-p)) chalfnormal(x,sigma)=sigma<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:erf(x/sigma/sqrt2) chypgeo(x,N,C,d)=N<0||!isint(N)||C<0||C>N||!isint(C)||d<0||d>N||!isint(d)?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0||xd||x>C?1.0:hypgeo(x,N,C,d)+chypgeo(x-1,N,C,d) claplace(x,mu,b)=b<=0?1/0:(x1?1/0: !isint(x)?1/0:x<0?0.0:ibeta(r,x+1,p) cnexp(x,lambda)=lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:1-exp(-lambda*x) cpareto(x,a,b)=a<=0||b<0||!isint(b)?1/0:xa?1.0:f==0?real(x)/a:(real(x)/a-sin(f*twopi*x/a)/(f*twopi))/(1.0-sin(twopi*f)/(twopi*f)) ct(x,nu)=nu<0||!isint(nu)?1/0:0.5+0.5*sgn(x)*(1-ibeta(0.5*nu,0.5,nu/(nu+x*x))) ctriangular(x,m,g)=g<=0?1/0: x=m+g?1.0:0.5+real(x-m)/g-(x-m)*abs(x-m)/(2.0*g*g) cuniform(x,a,b)=x<(a=(a>b?a:b)?1.0:real(x-a)/(b-a) cweibull(x,a,lambda)=a<=0||lambda<=0?1/0:x<0?0.0:1.0-exp(-(lambda*x)**a) bin(x) = (1.0/scale)*floor(x*scale) NO_ANIMATION = 1 nsamp = 3000 fourinvsqrtpi = 2.25675833419103 invpi = 0.318309886183791 invsqrt2pi = 0.398942280401433 log2 = 0.693147180559945 sqrt2 = 1.4142135623731 sqrt2invpi = 0.797884560802865 twopi = 6.28318530717959 binwidth = 20 xlow = 0.0 xhigh = 4.5 scale = 4.44444444444444 oneplot = 1 rlow = -4.0 rhigh = 4.0 ## Last datafile plotted: "$random" plot $random using (bin(sqrt($1**2+$2**2+$3**2))):(1.0*scale/nsamp) every :::::0 smooth frequency with steps title "scaled bin frequency", maxwell(x, 1/sqrt(2)) with lines title "Maxwell p.d.f.", $random using (sqrt($1**2+$2**2+$3**2)):(scale/nsamp) bins=25 binrange [xlow:xhigh] with impulse lw 5 title "assign samples to 25 bins"